''A hexameter a görögországi archaikus kor legkedveltebb ritmusa volt. A megnevezést elõször a halikarnasszoszi Hérodotosz7 használta az i.e. 5. században. Jelentése görögül 'hat ütem'. Eredete egy különleges haditánchoz kapcsolódik (kalamae körtánc), amely a támadást és a visszahúzódást utánzó hullámzó mozgásból áll.8''
Erdekes felvetes. Vajon idegensegrol, vagy massagrol lehet szo? Az unnepelyes forma mindenkepp mas. Rakerdezunk. A hexameterrol nagy vitak dulnak okortudos berkekben. Korantsem olyan egyertelmu, mint ahogy megszoktuk a '' Férfiuról szólj nékem, Múzsa, ki sokfele bolygott'' sorral.
ἑξάμετρος [α^], ον, A. of six metres, ἐν ἑ. τόνῳ in hexameter measure, Hdt.1.47; “ἐν ἔπεσι ἑ.” Id.7.220, cf. Pl.Lg.810d; ἑξάμετρα (sc. ἔπη) Arist.Rh.1404a34, Po.1449a27, Demetr.Eloc.1, etc.
Henry George Liddell. Robert Scott. A Greek-English Lexicon. revised and augmented throughout by. Sir Henry Stuart Jones. with the assistance of. Roderick McKenzie. Oxford. Clarendon Press. 1940.
[1449a] [1] so is the Margites to our comedies. When tragedy and comedy came to light, poets were drawn by their natural bent towards one or the other. Some became writers of comedies instead of lampoons, the others produced tragedies instead of epics; the reason being that the former is in each case a higher kind of art and has greater value.
To consider whether tragedy is fully developed by now in all its various species or not, and to criticize it both in itself and in relation to the stage, that is another question. At any rate it originated in improvisation—both tragedy itself and comedy. The one came from the prelude1 to the dithyramb and the other from the prelude to the phallic songs which still survive as institutions in many cities. Tragedy then gradually evolved as men developed each element that came to light and after going through many changes, it stopped when it had found its own natural form. Thus it was Aeschylus who first raised the number of the actors from one to two. He also curtailed the chorus and gave the dialogue the leading part. Three actors and scene-painting Sophocles introduced. Then as to magnitude. [20] Being a development of the Satyr play,2 it was quite late before tragedy rose from short plots and comic diction to its full dignity, and that the iambic metre was used instead of the trochaic tetrameter. At first they used the tetrameter because its poetry suited the Satyrs and was better for dancing, but when dialogue was introduced, Nature herself discovered the proper metre. The iambic is indeed the most conversational of the metres, and the proof is that in talking to each other we most often use iambic lines but very rarely hexameters and only when we rise above the ordinary pitch of conversation. Then there is the number of acts. The further embellishments3 and the story of their introduction one by one we may take as told, for it would probably be a long task to go through them in detail.
Comedy, as we have said, is a representation of inferior people, not indeed in the full sense of the word bad, but the laughable is a species of the base or ugly.4 It consists in some blunder or ugliness that does not cause pain or disaster, an obvious example being the comic mask which is ugly and distorted but not painful.
The various stages of tragedy and the originators of each are well known, but comedy remains obscure because it was not at first treated seriously.
1 Before the chorus began (or in pauses between their songs) the leader of the performance would improvise some appropriate tale or state the theme which they were to elaborate. Thus he was called ὁ ἐξάρχων or "the starter," and became in time the first "actor."
2 A Satyr play was an interlude performed by a troupe of actors dressed as the goat-like followers of Dionysus. Hence τραγῳδία, "goat-song." Aristotle seems so clear about this that he does not trouble to give a full explanation. But we can see from this passage that the Satyr plays were short, jocose and in the trochaic metre which suited their dances, and that in Aristotle's view tragedy was evolved from these. No example of a primitive Satyr play survives, but we can make inferences from the later, more sophisticated Cyclops of Euripides and the fragments of Sophocles' Ἰχνευταί, The Trackers. We cannot be certain that Aristotle's theory is historically correct; the balance of evidence is against it.
3 Masks, costumes, etc.
4 "Ugly" was to a Greek an equivalent of "bad." The persons in Comedy are "inferior" (see chapter 2.), but have only one of the many qualities which make up Ugliness or Badness, viz. the quality of being ludicrous and therefore in some degree contemptible.
Aristotle. Aristotle in 23 Volumes, Vol. 23, translated by W.H. Fyfe. Cambridge, MA, Harvard University Press; London, William Heinemann Ltd. 1932.
Aristotle. ed. R. Kassel, Aristotle's Ars Poetica. Oxford, Clarendon Press. 1966.
"Sokat vitatott s mindma'ig tisztazatlan proble'ma a gorog hexameter eredete. Elso" pillanta'sra meggyozonek la'tszik az az elme'let, amely szerint a hexameter a gorog nyelv megrogzult szo'lamainak terme'szetes lejte'se'bo"l ered, rovidebb sorok a'tmeneti a'llomasain a't. Csakhogy a hexametert egy Aristotele's e'rezte idegen versme'rte'knek!* " (Komoro'czy Ge'za: A sumer irodalmi hagyomany. Bp., 1979., Magvető K., 675. p. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Vannak erre jobb helyek. Ogorogul hireket, kommentarokat mondo allomasok. Oket kene boldogitanod. :) Nem eltanacsollak, csak arra, gondolkodj azon, mikent lehetne tanulni ogorogul.
ακρόβυστος = αυτός που δεν έχει κάνει περιτομή (οι έλληνες θεωρούσαν την περιτομή απαράδεκτη και αποκαλούσαν ειρωνικά τους περιτετμημένους ασιάτες , ευνούχους)
A nyitottegyetem--es link , amit ír tál , éppúgy nem jön be a neten ( "safari can't find the server") , mint ahogy arról sem írtál még semmit , mit találtál azt illetôen , hogy Megasz Alexandrosz járt-e avagy sem Siwából visszajövet Kyreneben , avagy sem , illetve , hogy az anyanyelve , a makedón , az változata volt-e a görögnek , avagy egy totál más nyelv . Sapirico--d
αιδοιολείκτης (ο) = ο μουνογλύφτης. στις Eκκλησιάζουσες του Aριστοφάνη αναφέρεται κάποιος γνωστός αιδοιολείκτης αθηναίος με το όνομα σμοίος , ως "ο τα των γυναικών διακαθαίρει τρύβλια" (αυτός που καθαρίζει τις "γαβάθες" (αιδοία) των γυναικών)
Az, aki a no ''madarat'' nyalogatja. Aristophanes emliti az Aldozatvivokben, mint olyan ismert atheni polgart, aki a nok ''oblos edenyet'' takaritja.
Headword: Κινυρή Adler number: kappa,1652 Translated headword: wailing Vetting Status: low Translation: Pitiful, lamenting. Greek Original: Κινυρή: οἰκτρά, θρηνητική. Notes: Same definition given in Photius, and a similar definition (ὀδυρτική, θρηνητική "mourning, lamenting") in the D scholia to Homer, Iliad 17.5, where the form occurs as cited (feminine nominative singular), of a mother cow, in a simile. See also kappa 1653, kappa 1654 .
Keywords: definition; dialects, grammar, and etymology; epic; imagery; zoology
Headword: Κινύρα Adler number: kappa,1650 Translated headword: kinyra, kinnor Vetting Status: high Translation: A musical instrument, or kithara. [So called] from moving [kinein] the strings [neura]. Greek Original: Κινύρα: ὄργανον μουσικόν, ἢ κιθάρα. ἀπὸ τοῦ κινεῖν τὰ νεῦρα. Notes: For the kithara see kappa 1590. M.L. West, Ancient Greek Music (Oxford 1992) 60: "In the interests of completeness I should perhaps mention kinyra, which is the Greek rendering of the Hebrew כִּנּוֹר kinnor (Septuagint, Josephus) and has no existence as a Greek instrument". See also LSJ s.v. (web address 1).
Keywords: definition; dialects, grammar, and etymology; meter and music
κινύρα, έγχορδο όργανο με δέκα χορδές, όπως η κιθάρα · παιζόταν με πλήκτρο ή και απευθείας με τα δάχτυλα. Συνδεόταν με πένθιμη μουσική· το ρήμα κινύρω ή κινύρομαι σήμαινε θρηνώ· Ησ.: "κινύρειν· θρηνείν, κλαίειν". Η Σούδα συνδέει το όνομα κινύρα με τον μυθικό βασιλιά της Πάφου στην Κύπρο· όπως λέει (η Σούδα ), ο βασιλιάς, επειδή διαγωνίστηκε χωρίς επιτυχία με τον Απόλλωνα, πήρε το παρατσούκλι Κινύρας από το όργανο κινύρα. Η κινύρα ήταν ασιατικής ή εβραϊκής καταγωγής· το εβραϊκό κίννορ, ένα συγγενικό όνομα, ήταν μια κιθάρα με δέκα χορδές και παιζόταν με πλήκτρο (πρβ. Sachs Ιστορ. Μουσ. Οργ. 107). Η Σούδα λέει απλά: "κινύρα· όργανον μουσικόν ή κιθάρα· από του κινείν τα νεύρα" (κινύρα· μουσικό όργανο ή κιθάρα· από το [ρήμα] κινώ [θέτω σε δόνηση] τις χορδές). Και ο Ησύχιος επίσης γράφει: "κινύρα· όργανον μουσικόν, κιθάρα". H λέξη κινυρός σήμαινε θρηνητικός, θλιμμένος. Πρβ. Σούδα στη λ. κινύρα ("κινύρα· κινυρόμεθα, κινυρομένη").
Suda emliti Ciprus mitikus kiralyat es hangszeret. Apollonnal vetelkedett, sikertelenul. Nevet adta a a zeneszerszamanak : Kinura. Tiz hurja volt, a kitharaval vetik egybe. Kinuros gyaszt, szomorusagot jelent.
